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Title: Information Sheet, Chesapeake & Ohio Canal National Historical Park 2, 5 April 2003

Chesapeake & Ohio Canal National Historical Park, Maryland, U.S.A., 5 April 2003

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On 5 April 2003, the Botanical Society of Washington, energetically led by Dr. Dan H. Nicolson (Smithsonian Institution), enjoyed a delightful warm, overcast day of about 70° F at the Chesapeake & Ohio Canal National Historical Park, about 10 miles north of Washington, D.C.   We saw many blossoming wildflowers in the spectacular natural garden along the Potomac River.   The River was blue-green and at a medium level.   Some of the images below show much water-placed debris hanging on tree limbs about 25 feet off the ground, indicating the River’s level earlier in the year.

Dan has been leading his annual plant-appreciation walks for decades.

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For more information about the Chesapeake & Ohio Canal National Historical Park on this Website, please visit the Grand Information Page regarding the Park.

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Please, click on images to enlarge them.

Descriptions of the images are below this image patch.

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Figures 1–5.   Male flowers of Acer negundo (Ash-leaved Maple, Aceraceae), a wind-pollinated tree.



Figures 6–8.   Views of the Potomac River, showing trees of Platanus occidentalis (Eastern Sycamore, Platanaceae) with light-and-dark mottled bark.

Figure 9.   Amelanchier sp. (serviceberry, Rosaceae) in full bloom by the Canal.

Figure 10.   Ardea herodias (Great Blue Heron, Ardeidae, Ciconiiformes) perched on an overflow tower in Wide Water of the Canal.



Figure 11.   Lindera benzoin (Spicebush, Lauraceae) in full bloom (with small yellow flowers) in the forest.

Figures 12–14.   Male flowers of Lindera benzoin (Spicebush, Lauraceae).

Figure 15.   Lindera benzoin (Spicebush, Lauraceae) in full bloom (with small yellow flowers) in the forest.



Figures 16–18.   Fungi.

Figures 19–20.   View of Wide Water of the Canal.



Figures 21–24.   Views of a pond with much floating algae.

Figure 25.   Dicentra cucullaria (Dutchman’s Breeches, Fumariaceae).



Figures 26–27.   Dicentra cucullaria (Dutchman’s Breeches, Fumariaceae).

Figure 28–30.   Moss (Phylum Bryophyta) on the base of a tree.



Figure 31.   Moss (Phylum Bryophyta) on the base of a tree.

Figures 32–34.   Moss (Phylum Bryophyta) and lichens on a rock with a light brown fruit of Platanus occidentalis (Eastern Sycamore, Platanaceae).

Figure 35.   Arabis laevigata (Smooth Rockcress, Brassicaceae).



Figure 36.  Arabis laevigata (Smooth Rockcress, Brassicaceae).

Figures 37–40.   Carya sp. (hickory, Juglandaceae) growing against rocks.




Figure 41.   Carya sp. (hickory, Juglandaceae) growing against rocks.

Figures 42–44.   Carex sp. (sedge, Cyperaceae).

Figure 45.   Corydalis flavula (Pale Corydalis, Fumariaceae).



Figures 46–48.   A lichen.

Figures 49–50.   Tilia americana (American Basswood, Tiliaceae).



Figures 51–52.     Tilia americana (American Basswood, Tiliaceae).

Figures 53–55.   Lonicera japonica (Japanese Honeysuckle, Caprifoliaceae) growing between two large rocks.



Figures 56–57.   Dentaria laciniata (Cut-leaved Toothwort, Brassaceae).

Figure 58.   Claytonia virginica (Spring Beauty, Portulacaceae).

Figure 59.   Acer saccharum (Sugar Maple, Aceraceae), a fallen branchlet with flowers.

Figure 60.   Equisetum hyemale (Scouring Rush, Equisetaceae).



Figure 61.   Equisetum hyemale (Scouring Rush, Equisetaceae).

Figures 62–65.   Dirca palustris (Leatherwood, Thymelaeaceae).



Figures 66–69.   Dirca palustris (Leatherwood, Thymelaeaceae).

Figure 70.   A tree cut by Castor canadensis (American Beaver, Rodentia: Castoridae).



Figures 71–72.   A tree cut by Castor canadensis (American Beaver, Rodentia: Castoridae).

Figures 73–74.   Saxifraga virginiensis (Early Saxifrage, Saxifragaceae).

Figure 75.   Water-deposited debris on tree branches which shows that the water level was much higher earlier in the year.



Figures 76–78.   Water-deposited debris on tree branches which shows that the water level was much higher earlier in the year.

Figures 79–80.   Arabis laevigata (Smooth Rockcress, Brassaceae).




Figures 81–82.   Lamium purpureum (Purple Deadnettle, Lamiaceae, alien species).

Figure 83–85.   Corbicula fluminea (Asian Clam, Corbiculidae, alien species) and snails.



Figure 86–87.   Corbicula fluminea (Asian Clam, Corbiculidae, alien species) and snails.

Figure 88.   Mertensia virginica (Virginia Bluebells, Boraginaceae).

Figure 89.   grass 1 (Poaceae).

Figure 90.   grass 2 (Poaceae).



Figures 91–93.   grass 2 (Poaceae).

Figures 94–95.   The entrance of an ant (Formicidae) nest.

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Figures 96–97.   The entrance of an ant (Formicidae) nest.

Figure 98.   Water-deposited debris on tree branches which shows that the water level was much higher earlier in the year.

Figures 99–100.   Amelanchier arborea (Common Serviceberry, Rosaceae).



Figures 101–102.   Views of the Potomac River.

Figures 103–104.   A view of the Potomac River with Ostrya virginiana (Eastern Hophornbeam, Betulaceae) in the foreground.

Figure 105.   Ostrya virginiana (Eastern Hophornbeam, Betulaceae), catkins.



Figures 106–107.   Hypericum spathulatum (Shrubby St. John’s-wort, Hypericaceae).

Figures 108–110.   A nest of Malacosoma americana (Eastern Tent Caterpillar, Lasiocampidae).



Figure 111.   A nest of Malacosoma americana (Eastern Tent Caterpillar, Lasiocampidae).

Figure 112.   Pinus virginiana (Virginia Pine, Pinaceae).

Figures 113–114.   Comandra umbellata (Bastard Toadflax, Santalaceae).

Figure 115.   Antennaria plantaginifolia (Pussytoes, Asteraceae, whitish leaves) and Hieracium venosum (Veiny Hawkweed, Asteraceae, leaves with dark veins).



Figure 116.   Antennaria plantaginifolia (Pussytoes, Asteraceae, whitish leaves).

Figure 117.   Antennaria plantaginifolia (Pussytoes, Asteraceae, whitish leaves).

Figures 118–120.   Lichens on igneous rock.




Figure 121.   Amelanchier arborea (Common Serviceberry, Rosaceae).

Figures 122–124.   A valve of a large river clam with smaller valves of Corbicula fluminea (Asian Clam, Corbiculidae, alien species).

Figure 125.   A Querus alba (White Oak, Fagaceae) cut by a Castor canadensis (American Beaver, Rodentia: Castoridae).



Figures 126–130.   A Querus alba (White Oak, Fagaceae) cut by a Castor canadensis (American Beaver, Rodentia: Castoridae).



Figures 131–134.   A bush honeysuckle possibly Lonicera maackii (Maack’s Honeysuckle, Caprifoliaceae, alien species).

Figure 135.   Claytonia virginica (Spring Beauty, Portulacaceae).



Figure 136   Claytonia virginica (Spring Beauty, Portulacaceae).

Figures 137–138.   Igneous rock.

Figures 139–140.   Stellaria media (Common Chickweed, Caryophyllaceae, alien species).



Figures 141–142.   Alliaria petiolata (Garlic Mustard, Brassaceae, aggressive alien invasive).

Figure 143.   Mertensia virginica (Virginia Bluebells, Boraginaceae).

Figures 144–145.   Carex sp. (sedge, Cyperaceae).



Figures 146–149.   Carex sp. (sedge, Cyperaceae).

Figure 150.   Dicentra cucularia (Dutchman’s Breeches, Fumariaceae).



Figures 151–155.   Mertensia virginica (Virginia Bluebells, Boraginaceae).



Figures 156–160.   Mertensia virginica (Virginia Bluebells, Boraginaceae).



Figures 161–164.   Ulmus americana (American Elm, Ulmaceae), fruits.



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